In April 2016, the Clinic submitted comments to the Massachusetts Department of Public Utilities (“DPU”) in grid modernization proceedings and an electric rate case. The Clinic asked DPU to apply a holistic energy justice perspective to decisions affecting electricity rates and the integration of, and access to, innovative technologies to the electric grid. The Clinic also proposed mechanisms to support the development of virtual power plants, which can help meet the Commonwealth’s energy and environmental goals. Clinic students Nadia Arid (’16) and Jee Yun Oh (’17) testified at DPU’s public hearing on utilities’ proposed grid modernization plans. The Clinic’s comments were reported on in Microgrid Knowledge.